2. Acid Chemistry.

2.1 General Chemistry.
2.1.1 Acids.
An acid is a compound that when dissolved in (or hydrolysed by) water, it releases
hydrogen ions (H+) as the cation. Examples of commonly used acids are as follows :



 2.1.2 Bases.

A base is a compound that when dissolved in (or hydrolysed by) water, produces
hydroxyl ions (OH-) as the anion. Some examples of common bases are as follows :


2.1.3 Salts.

A salts is a compound formed by the reaction of an acid with a base. The reaction is
usually quite rapid and liberates a large quantity of heat. Some common examples of
salt formation are :



2.2 Reactions of Hydrochloric Acid (HCl). 

 
2.3 Reactions of Hydrofluoric Acid (HF).

 
2.4 Reactions of Acetic Acid.

 
2.5 Reactions of Formic Acid.